Instead, you must use print scaling to increase the size of the text that is sent to the printer.
Follow these instructions to use or change your print scale settings in Chrome.
1) Press Ctrl+P or click the three dots in the upper right-hand corner, then click Print...
2) Click on the More Settings menu
3) Set the Scale anywhere from 0 to 200 percent (regular size is 100 percent). Make any additional settings and then click Print to print your document.